This is how the GTP agreement is used in 5G!

GTP is a data tunneling mechanism, which is used in 5G(NR) networks for the transmission of user data and signaling information between the user function (UPF) and the data network (DN).GTP (GPRS Tunneling Protocol) is used in 5G(NR) architectures as a communication protocol between different network elements for tunnel establishment in order to transmit data efficiently.The specific applications of the GTP tunneling protocol in 5G are presented as follows; i. User-plane communication:GTP tunnels are mainly associated with the user-plane, which handles the transmission of user data between UPF and data network (DN), whereas the tunneling of user data between the UPF and the data network is mainly associated with the user-plane, which handles the transmission of user data between UPF and the DN. GTP tunneling protocol specific applications are presented in the following aspects;

1. User-plane communication:GTP tunneling is mainly associated with the user-plane, which handles user data transmission between the UPF and the data network (DN), while the user-plane is responsible for forwarding user packets while ensuring efficient and reliable communication.
2. Tunnel Establishment:GTP tunnels are established to encapsulate user packets and create a secure and efficient communication path between the UPF and the data network. GTP tunnels provide a logical connection for the seamless transfer of data.
3. Application Versions:There are different versions of GTP in 5G(NR), including GTPv1-U (for the user-plane GTP V1) and GTPv1-C (for the control-plane version).GTPv1-U is usually associated with GTP tunnels in the user-plane.
4. User-Plane Functions:The UPF is the key component in the 5G network architecture responsible for handling user-plane traffic.GTP tunnels connect the UPF to the data network and enable the UPF to forward user packets efficiently.
5. Encapsulation and Decapsulation:At the source, GTP encapsulates user packets and adds headers to facilitate transmission through the GTP tunnel. At the destination, GTP decapsulates the packet and removes the added header to retrieve the original user data.
6. Data Network:DN is the external network to which UPF is connected, which can include various external networks such as the Internet, public or private cloud services, and other communication networks.
7. QoS and Billing:GTP tunnels can carry Quality of Service (QoS) information and billing-related details.QoS information ensures that user data is transmitted according to specified quality parameters, while billing information is critical for billing and accounting purposes.
   
8. Context Bearer: GTP tunnels are associated with bearer contexts, which represent the logical connection between the user equipment (UE) and the UPF. Each bearer context corresponds to a specific GTP tunnel, allowing the network to manage multiple user data streams simultaneously.
9. Efficient Data Transmission:GTP tunnels improve data transmission efficiency by providing a secure and dedicated path for user data. This is critical to providing the high data rates, low latency and reliable communications required for 5G networks.
   
10. 3GPP standardization:GTP and its related functions (including GTP tunnels) are standardized by the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project), which ensures consistency, interoperability, and compatibility between different 5G networks and providers.

GTP tunneling in 5G is the fundamental mechanism for establishing a secure and efficient communication path between user-plane functions and external data networks. By encapsulating and de-encapsulating user packets, it enables seamless data transmission while supporting key functions such as QoS and billing information. And its standardized nature ensures the reliability and interoperability of global 5G networks.